In the early era of Indian cinema, when women barely appeared on screen, one woman dared to defy every social boundary. That woman was Devika Rani, the first lady of Indian cinema — a visionary who redefined boldness and artistic freedom through her unforgettable performance in Karma (1933).
Who Was Devika Rani?
Born in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, into a well-educated and affluent family, Devika Rani’s upbringing was far ahead of her time. Her parents, both doctors, valued education deeply. At the age of nine, she was sent to a boarding school in England — a rare step for Indian girls of that era.
She later graduated from the prestigious Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in London, where she studied acting and design, setting the foundation for her journey into films.
Marriage to Himanshu Rai and the Beginning of a New Era
In 1928, Devika Rani met filmmaker Himanshu Rai, and the two married a year later. Their partnership went beyond marriage — they collaborated in creative filmmaking, blending Indian stories with European cinematic techniques.
Devika contributed not just as an actress but also as a costume designer and art director for Rai’s silent film A Throw of Dice.
The Bold Scene That Shocked the Nation
After studying film production at UFA Studios in Germany, the couple produced Karma (1933), a bilingual film made in both English and Hindi.
In Karma, Devika Rani and Himanshu Rai shared a four-minute-long kissing scene — a record-breaking and revolutionary moment in Indian cinema.
At a time when even holding hands on screen was controversial, Devika Rani’s fearless act created a sensation. It became India’s first on-screen kiss, marking her as one of the boldest women in film history.
Criticism and Courage
Despite Karma failing commercially, its boldness made headlines across the world. Devika Rani faced severe backlash from conservative audiences who questioned her morality.
Yet, she remained unshaken — continuing her acting journey with confidence and vision. Devika believed that progress required courage, and she never hesitated to take the first step.
Legacy and Recognition
Over time, Devika Rani’s contribution was recognized as groundbreaking. She went on to receive the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, becoming the first Indian actress to achieve this honor. She was also awarded the Padma Shri for her remarkable service to Indian cinema.
Today, she is remembered not only as the “First Lady of Indian Cinema” but also as a pioneer who inspired generations of actresses to dream fearlessly.
